English Espanol Italiano Japanese Chinese Francias Deutsch Portugues Korean




  
www.tripadvisior.com Refer To Friend
Learn About Places Jammu Kashmir > Rajauri


Rajauri

Rajauri Jammu and Kashmir

INTRODUCTION  :: The District drives its name from Rajouri town which itself had been historically known as Rajapuri. Rajouri District had been part of Poonch district prior to 1967. On  22nd September 1967, Government bifurcated district Poonch into two districts namely 'Rajouri' and 'Poonch', to facilitate the process of development and   better supervision of economic activities in this area.  By this way, Rajouri emerged as a District from 1st January 1968.  The District has an area of 2630 Sq. Kms. with peculiar physical features.  The District is situated in the west of Jammu Division and is surrounded by the Poonch, Udhampur and Jammu Districts. The District comprise of 6 Tehsils namely Rajouri, Nowshera, Sunderbani, Kalakote, Koteranka and Thannamandi and 7 Blocks of Rajouri, Manjakote, Darhal, Budhal, Kalakote, Sunderbani and Nowshera.

HISTORY
Rajouri area remained the region of great importance in ancient times. In Mahabharta there was a kingdom known as Panchal Desa. The king of this State was Panchal Naresh whose daughter Dropdi was married to Pandvas. The Historians Identify Panchalya Desha as the region in Panchal range of mountains. Rajouri was also a part of this kingdom of Panchal Naresh.

Rajouri, then known as Rajapuri :: The land of Kings finds its mention in the travelogue of Chinese traveler Hiuen Tsang who visited the town in 632 A.D. and described it as a part of Kashmiri dominion. Still earlier in the Buddhist period it formed a part of Gandhar territory (Afghanistan, Gandhar and Tashkent) and later was included in the domain called Darabhisanga which comprised the hilly stretch from Poonch to Kashmir. Those days Laharkote in Poonch district and Rajouri had emerged as two powerful states of the area.

According to F.E.Pargitor :: second branch of Aryan emigrants crossed Himalayas in the north and west and settled in Rajouri and Poonch area. Rajouri, Bhimber and Naushera were included within the territory of Abhisar, which was one of the hill states of Punjab Kingdom. Early records of fragmentary nature show that in 4th century B.C. there existed in the north west of India a federal type of political set up in which Abhisar with its capital Rajouri was also included. At the time of Alexander's invasion, Rajouri was at the height of its glory. In Mauryan period, the town of Rajouri was a great trade centre. During the Mughal rule, the rulers of Rajouri have embraced Islam though they retained the title of Raja.Albaurni visited Rajouri with Sultan Masud (Son of Sultan Mehmud) in 1036 A.D. In his book "India" he wrote name of Rajouri as Raja Vari. Srivar, the writer of 'Raj Tirangini' written during the regime of Sultan Zain-Ul-Abdin, also named this area as Raja Vari. It appears that Raja Vari is the changed shape of Raj Puri. Praja Bhat another writer of Raj Tirangini of 16th century A.D. wrote this place as Raj-Vare in his book. Mirza Zafarulla Khan writer of ‘Tarikh Rajgan-E-Rajour’ described in his book that this place was originally known as Raj-Avar and then changed from Rajour to Rajouri. But the old people in the villages still call the place as Rajour. With the passage of time the name changed from Raja's Raj Avar to Raja Puri, Rajpuri to Raj Vari, Raj Vari to Raj Vara, Raj Vara to Raj Avar, Raj Avar to Rajour and then Rajour to Rajouri. As per Rajtirangini of Kalhan, Rajouri emerged as principality in about 1003 A.D. The first ruler of this kingdom was Raja Prithvi Paul. From 1033 A.D. to 1194 A.D. these Pauls ruled this state. They were Raja Prithvipaul, Raja Janki Paul (1035 A.D.), Raja Sangram Paul (1063 A.D.), Raja Som Paul (1101 A.D.), Bahu Paul (1113 A.D.) and Amna Paul (1194 A.D.). Raja Prithvi Paul defeated Pir Panchal Pass at the time of invasion of Sultan Mehmud in1021 A.D. Raja Sangram Paul defended his Principality Rajouri when Raja Harash of Kashmir assaulted his country in 1089 A.D. Sangram Paul fought so bravely that Raja Harash was compelled to return from Prithvi Paul fort without capturing Rajouri.As per ‘Tarikh-Rajgan-e-Rajour” Noor-Ud-Din who migrated from Punjab to Rajouri revolted against Raja Amna Paul. Raja Amna Paul was killed in the revolt and Noor-Ud-Din became the Raja of Rajouri. In this way Raja Noor-Ud-Din aid the foundation of Jaral Muslim rule in Rajouri in 1194 A.D. to 21st October 1846 A.D. Rajouri Principality remained governed by Jaral Rajas. The renowned Rajas of this dynasty were Raja Noor-Ud-Din (1194 A.D.), Raja Anwar Khan (1252 A.D.), Raja Sardar Khan (1289 A.D.), Raja Shah-Ud-Din (1412 A.D.), Raja Mast Wali Khan (1565 A.D.), Raja Taj-Ud-Din (1604 A.D.),  Raja Anayat Ullah Khan (1648 A.D.), Raja Azmat Ullah Khan (1683 A.D.), Raja Izzat Ullah Khan (1762 A.D.), Raja Karam Ullah Khan (1676 A.D.), Raja Aggar Ullah Khan (1808 A.D.) and Raja Raheem Ullah Khan (1819 A.D.). Raja Raheem Ullah Khan was the last Muslim Ruler of Rajouri who governed this principality upto 21st October, 1846.

Jaral Muslim ::  Jaral Muslim Rajas rebuilt Rajouri city during their rule. Number of Fort, Sarai, Mosque and Baradaries were constructed with the help of Mughals, on Mughal road. The area of Rajouri principality comprised proper Rajouri, Thanna, Bagla Azim Garh, Darhal, Behrote, Chingus, Nagrota and Phalyana etc. The total revenue of Rajouri was Rs.3.00 lacs in 1846. Raja Aggar Ullah Khan (1808-1819) fought bravely, first against Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1815 and then Raja Gulab Singh in 1819. These Muslim Rajas were very liberal and accommodating. Raja Azmat Ullah was having Hindu Minister of Mehta family of Rajouri. Hindu Rajputs were given preference at the time of employment in armed forces.The successive Rulers were also responsible for the proper upkeep of Mughal route from Gujarat to Kashmir, dotted by a dozen stations in between. The town also called Rampur as per the revenue document, gained popularity during the Mughal period as the Mughal Ruler, during their movement from Delhi to Kashmir and back, used to stay at the station for some time. In 1846 Amritsar pact was signed between British Government and Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu. In the light of this pact, Jammu and Kashmir State was handed over to Raja Gulab Singh and he was designated as Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. After taking the charge of Rajouri from Raja Faqir Ullah in 1846, Maharaja Gulab Singh changed the name of Rajouri to Rampur. He appointed Mian Hathu as Governor of Rajouri. Mian Hathu remained in Rajouri upto 1846 A.D. He constructed a beautiful temple in between Thanna Nallah near Rajouri city. He also built Rajouri Fort at Dhannidhar village. After Mian Hathu, Rajouri was converted into a Tehsil and affiliated with Bhimber District. In 1904 A.D., this Tehsil was bifurcated from Bhimber and affiliated with Reasi District. After Independence, Rajouri became part of the newly constituted Poonch-Rajouri District. On Ist January 1968, Rajouri emerged as a new District on the map of the State.

APPROACH :: Rajouri town is situated 154 Kms away from Jammu, the winter capital of Jammu & Kashmir. The only means to reach Rajouri  is through Road.  Buses, Video Coaches and   shared taxis ( Tata Sumo, Tempo Traveler etc.) are plying on the road on regular basis throughout the day (5.00 am - 3.00 pm) from the Jammu Bus Stand.

POPULATION :: As per 2001 Census, the total population of the district is 4.786 lacs, of which Male population is 2.531 lacs and Female population is 2.255 lacs.  The urban population comes as 0.335 lacs and the rural population figures at 4.451 lacs . The SC population is 0.38 lacs and the ST population of the district is 1.67 lacs. The literacy rate of the district is 57.65 %.
 As per the DISNIC Survey conducted during 1995, the total population of the District was 3.96 lakh out of which 30,098 were schedule castes which represents 8% of the population.  1,39,845 were Gujjars and Bakerwals, which represents 35% of the population and 2.27 lakh population, was belonging to Paharis, Dogras, Kashmiris and others, which represents 57% of the population.

LOCATION CLIMATE & GEOGRAPHY :: District Rajouri is 154 km away from Winter Capital Jammu. It is located in the foothills of Peer Panchal Range. The Districts Udhampur and Jammu bound the District in the East, Line of actual control passes on the Southern side, on the West by Poonch District and Pulwama District is on the North. The climate varies from semitropical in the Southern part comprising Nowshera, Sunderbani and Kalakote to temperate in the mountainous Northern part comprising the area of Rajouri, Thannamandi and Koteranka Tehsils of the District.  The average rainfall is 500 mm and average temperature varies from 7.42 degree Celsius to 37.4 degree Celsius.

CULTURE AND PEOPLE
   
PAHARIES :: Paharies represent 57% population of Rajouri District. This Tribe is a distinct race who resides on the foothills of Panchal Range start from Budhal to Muzaffrabad. Although, the word Pahari means mountaineers and itself is indefinite. Yet, in J&K it is confined to those people whose mother tongue is a pahari dialect and having their distinct cultural heritage and unique historical background.Pahari tribes comprise of Hindu, Muslim and Sikhs whose cultural affinity and language is binding strength of their cultural heritage. Their mother tongue is a great connecting factor of pahari speaking people, which have been nourishing their age-old secular, look out also.The main occupation of the Paharies is agriculture and allied services. They also prefer employment in belt forces. Due to the locational disadvantages, these people are economically backward. They are having small pieces of land holdings, kacha houses and some cattle. Since their economy is dependent upon agriculture and most of the agricultural area is located on the slopes where irrigation facilities are not available. On the other hand due to snowfall only kharif crop is possible in their fields. Therefore, they could not get proper benefit from their agricultural fields. On the other hand the employment avenues are so limited that skilled and un-skilled Paharies are compelled to go to Punjab and Gulf countries in search of jobs. Growth centres are also not available in pahari basties. Therefore, the economic conditions of these tribes are not satisfactory and more than 55% pahari population is living below poverty line. Government is trying its best to bring the pahari people in the mainstream of development by providing incentives and subsidies. But due to non-availability of infrastructural facilities in pahari basties and un-awareness about the developmental schemes and programmes the Paharies are not getting full benefit of the incentives provided by the Government.The favourite dishes of Paharies are rice, meat, and bread of maize, cury), they present rice with milk and sugar to their guests. They also sacrifice a ram when they offer NIAZ at the time of harvesting of crops.Pahari women wear silver ornaments like Jumka, Kangan, Hasieri (necklace), Long, Chhalla, Payal etc. While the men wear silver and golden Rings. These ornaments are of typical type, which are distinct from the ornaments of the other tribes residing in the same belt.Kabaddi is the main indigenous game of Paharies, which is played in the whole pahari belt. The lifting of Bughdar (stone lifting) is another game of Paharies, which shows the power of young man. The Paharies remain conducting the fighting of bulls, buffaloes, rames and cocks. Bini (resting of arms) is another game of the Paharies, which is played by two youths at a time. The games of these warrior tribes are unique and physical strength is at the core of these games    

GUJJARS & BAKERWALS :: In Rajouri District about 12% population is comprised of Bakerwals while 23% population belongs to Gujjars. Both the communities are having their common cultural and linguistic heritage. Gujjars mostly rear cattle and they are herdsmen of buffaloes and possess small pieces of lands, kacha houses on the slopes and foothills of mountains in Rajouri District. Number of them is having their Dhokes and dharas on the upper reaches of Rajouri district mostly in Darhal, Budhal, Kalakote and Manjakote area. On the other hand, Bakerwals are the offshoots of Gujjars and they are nomadic tribes. Most of them are landless and houseless. Their livelihood is mostly dependent on sheep and goats for which they have to rear these animals. In search of green pastures for their herds and flocks, they travel from one place to another with their baggage and luggage, flock of sheep and goats, fleet of horses and dogs. Initially, they were rearing goats; therefore they are known as Bakerwals (who rear goats). They are living nomadic life and remain wondering in jungle in their traditional dresses with their own cultural heritage, which is distinct and unique culture. Once Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru when he was at Pehalgam, saw a group of Bakerwals along with their luggage and baggage, he at once named them as the king of jungles.In these days, these Bakerwal tribes can be seen wondering in the foothills of Peer Panchal range mostly in Rajouri area, which is located in the foothills of Panchal range. In winter season, with the beginning of spring, they shift from Rajouri area and enter the Margs, Lush Green high pastures and Dhokes in upper reaches of Panchal range. Some caravans of Bakerwals of Rajouri district even cross the Valley and reach Lolad, Gurez and Sona Marg on the Eastern top hills of Kashmir. They keep with them horses for riding and transportation, sheep and goats for production of wool, milk and meat. They sell surplus animals and their subsidiary products and buy maize, rice and grocery from the villages for day-to-day consumption. These tribes travel on compact basis with their baggage, flocks of sheep, herd of goats, fleet of horses and dogs. The old tribe-man is generally known as Sardar who leads the caravans. He travels on a mule. After him follows the horses, ladies and children, flocks of sheep and goats and hunting dogs who protect animals from thieves and wild animals. They keep tents with them and live in tented colonies. But their life is very tough and some time they live even in the caves under the shadow of trees and big grass. When they enter the margs and Dhokes, they look like actual ruler of the areas because no law and authority prevails in these Margs.

Their favourite dresses :: Their favourite dresses are waist Coat, shalwar, Kurta (long shirt) and lungi (turban) while the women usually bear Sutthan (trouser) kurti (shirt) and Tazakastani cap with cotton shawl. These tribes are very stout, tough and beautiful. The women are hard working. Their hobbies are to conduct fighting of rams and goats. So far as music is concerned, they like Halgoza and jori. Their main folk songs are Chann, Mahia, Dholan, Kanchi and Saif-ul-Malook. One of their favourite folk song is ballod of Noora a worrier. They sing these songs while grazing their flocks in the pastures with Halgoza. They are found of Gur. They like the feast of rice with curd and sugar. They speak gojri language. They are brave hospitable and state forward people. They have their own courts for justice known as kachehries or jirgas. They live natural life and are dependent on those products, which are available on these high pasture altitudes.

EDUCATION

School Children :: Though the government has done a lot for these two categories i.e. Gujjars and Bakerwals in the matter of education by way of permanent and mobile schools, starting of Gujjar and Bakerwals hostels at the District level with free boarding and lodging facilities up to 12th class and reservation in employment and vocational institutions, they are still backward. The Gujjars due to semi-migratory nature of their living are better qualified, financially sound and better place in the social life.

LANGUAGE :: The Gujjars and Bakerwals have their own Gujri language, which they generally speak in between them. But they correspond with the other persons in Urdu generally. The Government has given importance to the requirements of Gujri culture, as result of which the Radio Kashmir Jammu and Srinagar are daily broadcasting one hour Gujri programme. Besides this, there is a Gujri section in J&K Cultural Academy, which annually publishes literature on their culture and history and also organizes cultural   & literary functions at different places inhabited by the Gujjar and Bakerwals.

FINANCIAL POSITION :: During the seventh five year plan, the Government had earmarked an amount of Rs 163 .54 Crores, for the welfare of Gujjar and Bakerwals. During 1990-91 the welfare expenditure amounted Rs 32.44 Crores out of a total outlay of Rs 33.00 Crores. Some of the Gujjars and Bakerwals are quite well to do but the majority of them are of average income.

COURAGE AND BRAVERY :: During the Indo-Pak wars, the Gujjars and Bakerwals excelled in bravery and courage as compared to martial races of the rest of the country. In 1965, when intruders indulged in destructive activities, credit goes to these people who gave the first information of their presence in the area. There is huge population of Gujjars and Bakerwals along the line of Actual Control. In sector Gurez, Titwal, Uri, Poonch, Mendhar, Rajouri, Jourian they always stood face to face in front of the enemy and guided, helped and cooperated with Indian Army.

HEALTH AND HYGIENE :: Gujjars and Bakerwals understand that water of a new place shall affect the members of their family and cattle directly. Mother nature provides all sort of springs, wells, streams and water falls to these mobile tribes liberally. Mixed with all sorts of herbals, insects, dead animals, dead birds, etc. the open-air sources of water are not hygienic. Mobile tribes of Kashmir Valley, Rajouri, Poonch, Udhampur, Kathua and Doda have their own rules for safeguarding health. Whenever, they leave their previous pastures, they carry a handful soil with them and immerse into the new source of water they have to use in new place. They firmly believe that the soil of the previous place shall purify and remove the possible impurities of the water, which they have to take. The wonderful aspect of the ancient belief is that the members of mobile tribe and their cattle often remain free from several water borne diseases. These people consume the purest homemade products.

ETHNIC STUDY :: The people of Rajouri District are generally secular, patriotic, peaceful and nationalist. After the independence, the habitants of this track had witnessed three battles taking place between India and Pakistan in 1947, 1965 and 1971. No doubt that they suffered a lot during these conflicts, but they remained cooperative to the forces and loyal to India. Even in the odd hours, these people maintained communal harmony, brotherhood and showed utmost restrain and they never came under the influence of enemy propaganda. Every time, they foiled the nefarious designs of the enemy.After getting repeated defeats in the conflicts on the border the Pakistan is hatched a conspiracy in 1989 under the name of 'Operation topac' to capture Kashmir by involving the people and exploiting the sentiments of innocent, peace-loving habitants of this area. In first phase, the enemy started its operation in the Valley without touching Poonch Rajouri areas because the ISI was using these tracks for the passage of the militants who were crossing the Line of Actual Control from this area and operating in the Valley and Doda. From 1989 to 1994,only 29 militants were killed, 17 surrendered, 246 arrested and only 2 civilians were killed during this period which reveals that militancy remained at a low profile in Rajouri area up to 1994. But after 1995 when the ISI realized that they would not get success in the Valley, they directed the militants for operations in Rajouri-Poonch area also. The main organizations operating in this area were Lashkar-e-Toiba, Hizbul Mujahidin, Peer Panchal Regiment, Harqat-Ul-Insar and Jesh-e-Mohammad. 90 percent militants operating in Rajouri area are belonging to either Pakistan or Afghanistan and other countries. They moved in a group of 5-7 along with sophisticated weapons in inaccessible areas and they took shelters in the houses, which are located near the forests and beyond the range of the belt forces. They harassed the people, took meals in their houses and often of times, they used the innocent people for their protection also. They struck on the forces as well as the habitants. From 1995 to 2K, 520 militants have been killed, 55 surrendered and 282 arrested. On the other hand, these militant groups have killed 212 innocent people in the villages. They struck in minority-populated villages like Sawari, Kotedhara and Baljaralan to create terror among the minorities so that they may vacate the countryside. On the other hand, they have killed large number of innocent Muslims in the villages blaming that they are informers. 22 persons have been beheaded and killed brutally in these incidents. Due to their inhuman acts, the people of this area have started hating them and now they are passing all available information to the forces regarding their presence in their areas. Therefore, forces are striking on their objects due to which, 60 percent of the militants operating in Rajouri area have been killed and the rest are on the run.During the recent past number of people of this area have gone to Gulf Countries especially in Saudi Arabia and therefore, huge money has been pumped in these villages. The Government has also provided employment opportunities to skilled and unskilled persons and services to the educated youths. At least one family member is employed either in state Govt. or in belt forces. Due to decentralization of district plan, almost all these villages are getting proper share of funds and facilities like power supplies, water supplies, schools, health institutions, training centres. Old-age pensions are also being provided to the public. Under Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Plan (SCA to TSP), Border Area Development Programme (BADP), District Plan and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS), the public is getting full benefits of these schemes.

FOLK SONGS & FOLK DANCES
   
Pahari Dance :: Rajouri is a land of matchless unique and unimaginable beauty in the form of exotic landscape,verdant meadows, sparkling and shimmering snow white streams, towering snow clad mountains, rich fauna and flora, ancient mountains, rich heritage, vivid cultural life and wonderful folk songs and folk dances. The main languages spoken in the region are Gujri, Pahari, Poonchi, Dogri and Kashmari. The life of the people of Rajouri is a blend of Dogri, Poonchi, Pahari, Gujri and Kashmiri culture. Folk songs and folk dances of a particular region depict the living style of people, their tastes, traditions, costumes, rituals and culture. Different cultural forms and styles of singing and dances are still prevalent in the region. Folk forms have remained the favorites of the masses. Festivals, fairs, marriages and other rituals, each have a style to suit the occasion.
Gujjars are one of the most important segment of the population of the district. The main ballads of the region are "Noora" & "Taago". Folk song "Dhindi", "Baisakh", "Kench", "Lucko", "Chann", "Dholan", "Sahibn", "Mehndi", "Laari", "Saif-ul-Malook" and "Bar-Shams" are very famous amongst the people. Kashmiri songs like Wanawun, Chakri, Rouf, Dogri "Chann", Punjabi "Mahiya" also echo in the mountains, originally hailing from Gujot, Gujjars had once ruled the area and the story of the heroic deed of their Chief Roul-Allah still resounds in the area.

FARES & FESTIVALS
   
Fares and festivals have a unique charm of their own. These occasions provide a meeting place for people from different shades of opinion. In Rajouri district, these had been an unmatched heritage of celebrating fares and festivals and the people have adopted these as a part of life.

DUSSEHRA :: Dusshera is celebrated all over the district. In the Rajouri town Ram Lila is held at Town Hall, Rajouri. On the Dusshera day a procession is taken out in the city. The effigy of Ravan, Kumbhakaran and Meghnaath are burnt.

BAISAKHI MELA AT BANPURI :: About two kilometers from Sunderbani on Beri-Pattan road, there is a Shiv temple at Ban Puri.  The temple is situated at a big platform in an open ground on the roadside, thus have developed as a great attraction for every passerby.The village is named as Ban Puri after the name of Ban Ganga   (Now in Pakistan), where,  it is believed that 500 years ago, the great  saint, Gosain Baba  Kashi  Dass  Ji,  after seeing "Light" and  achieving  great spiritual fulfillment from the great shrine of Amarnath, had decided to say for the meditation for several
 years, for welfare of mankind.The Baba was a great Saint with advanced spiritual eminence and   a large number of miracles and forecasts attributed to him attracted lacs of  people from  different  religions  to  seek his blessings   and  become  his disciples,   who  after  the partition of the country, built  the  BanPuri temple.   A grand Yagya is arranged at the shrine, which is participated by thousands of people and the disciplines of the Baba from all over the Jammu region.The place has assumed great significance following a  series  of miracles  and  prophecies  by the Baba and the devotee keep on  coming  and going throughout  the  year  and  fulfillment of their  wishes  and  plying obeisance.

NOWSHERA DAY :: Nowshera Day  is  another  occasion of  majestic  and  prestigious importance.   The town folk and army personal recall bravery of civilians of Nowshera in repulsing the attack of Pakistani invaders on December 16, 1975, on the day jointly.  Forty Four Years ago on that fateful day, when the tribal  raiders  assisted by the Pakistani  forces  has  captured Rajouri,   Sunderbani  and Jhangar and other areas, the people  of  Nowshera irrespective  of cast, color and creed stood like a rock and resisted  the invaders attempts to intrude into the territory and in the process, made in numerable   sacrifices.  They held the fort till the reinforcement from the Indian Army arrived.    The army then pushed back the invaders and cleared the areas. To remember the saga of sacrifices and heroism exhibited by gallant Indian soldiers  and civilians, who resisted the onslaught of Pak  invaders in the battle of Nowshera in 1948, Nowshera Day is celebrated on February 6 every year.    Army has constructed a hospital near the rock where Brig. Mohd Usman  was  hit by a shell of enemy at Jhangar and a war  memorial  at Nowshera  for  Naik Yadunath Singh.  Both the gallant soldiers had  set  an example of high sense of patriotism and national Integration for the coming generations  and; were awarded M.V.C. and P.V.C.(posthumously) respectively for their exceptional gallantry. Every Year, on this day a commemorative function is held, attended by thousands of  people including large numbers of civilians,  ex-soldiers and army   personnel.     Rural Sports,   Cultural  Programmes,  stalls   of developmental  achievements   in various sectors are arranged by  the  civil administration,  and tableaux of war heroes are the major attractions of the festival.

HOLI  :: The festival of colors, Holi at Rajouri gives a unique charm and is celebrated in an unmatched style.  The week long festival carries rich  traditions of all Hindus,  Sikhs  and Muslims and this unity in diversity had  been  a matchless heritage of people of Rajouri since the ancient period.On the very first day, the tableau of Hanuman Ji is taken out from the Sanatan Dharam Sabha followed by thousands of people especially youth going around the town.  This day nobody plays with colors. From next day, the tableaux of the Bhairav, the Lord of Devil is taken out from the Sabha, which also takes a round of the town.   Thousands of people from all religions participate in the processions, through colors/ Gulal on each other and dance as the drum beats.  This presents a unique scenario of social life in Rajouri.   Every Day, before starts of processions, the tableaux of personified Bhairav walks down to Rajouri river which is also known at Darhali nallah, and bows his head before the big stone lying their.The sacred stone is about 3 meters of  height, and is popularly known  as ‘Bhairav Pathar’,  these rites during holi days in the distinguish style are believed to be as old as the Rajouri town itself.

ARTS & HANDICRAFTS

ARTS & HANDICRAFTS  :: The lush green valley of Rajouri falls in the northwest of the Jammu city, the winter capital of J&K State. The region is rich in forest wealth and the climate is cold during winter months. The high reaches of Pir Panjal, dividing Kashmir and Rajouri valley, experience moderate to heavy snow fall during winter months as a result of which during the winter months, when it is not possible for the local people to earn their livelihood outside their residences, they prefer to devote their time to handicraft activities, so as to supplement their meager incomes. Due to the variety of handicrafts, it can be said mini Kashmir or the Kashmir of Jammu region. Since the old Mughal road to Kashmir valley passes through the length of this district, the handicraft activities got a face off with the patronage of Mughal Emperors.

TOURIST PLACES :: RAJOURI district  has quite a  good number of charming spots.    Places worth seeing near Rajouri town are Rajouri fort, Gurudwara Chhati  Padshahi, Balidan Bhavan,  Rama Temple  Jama Masjid and Shiv Mandir. The other important Places of tourist interest in Rajouri  district    are as follows:

DEHRA KI GALI :: This beautiful scenic spot is situated at a height of plus 6600 feet above sea level, in the Pir Panjal Range and is one of the passes connecting Rajouri and Poonch districts. It experiences heavy snowfall during winter months. Thick vegetation cover attracts and charms the visitor. On the top of this hill Project Beacon has constructed a one-room apartment, which is indeed a fine sight seeing spot of the whole of the area. The State PWD Department has recently constructed a two-room inspection hut, which can be rented out to the visitors by the Executive Engineer, R&B, Rajouri but it has not to be booked in advance. It would be in the fitness of things if government considers constructing more huts there in order to give fillip to tourism in this area of the state. Famous shrine of Rattan Pir is also situated nearby.

LAW BAWLI :: At about 20 kms. from Rajouri, on the Rajouri-Thannamandi road this spring of fresh water abounds with fish. It is believed that the spring is linked underground with the lake NANDANSAR at the top of Pir Panjal. In case proper attention is given to the beautiful scenic spot, it can prove more attractive than Cheshma Shahi of Kashmir.

THANNA MANDI :: This is an important historical place right from the time of Mughals, who used to stay there during  their journey from Delhi to Kashmir and vice-versa. An old Mughal Sarai still exists there which speaks of its glorious time. The climate of this place is very charming and in fact is a health resort. It is also famous for its artistic wooden products. The famous Shrine of Shahdara Sharief is just 6-7 kms. from this place.

DARHAL MALKAN  :: In the northeast of Rajouri town, at a distance of 25 kms. Darhal Malkan, a bowl shaped valley surrounded by gentle sloping mountains on all sides, is situated. Nature seems to have carved a stadium for the prospective sport lovers, who could be attracted here in thousands, if sport facilities were created. Enroute to Darhal is the Khanghah of Sain Ganj Baba, which accords religious importance to this area. The perennial flow of limpid water in Darhal Tawi adds more charm to its beauty.

KOTRANKA BUDHAL :: Kotranka at the distance of 40 kms is an attractive tourist spot situated on the right bank of river Ans. During summer this spot affords a great attraction to the nature lovers and tourists. This is a picturesque charming and peaceful spot to retire to in the summer heat. At present Kotranka is a tehsil Headquarter of the biggest Tehsil Budhal. Budhal name is derived from a type of wood available, there which is known for its hardness texture throughout Pir Panjal. This is the coldest place of the district Rajouri, which remains under the blanket of snow for more than four-five months. This town serves as base camp for the long and arduous journey to ARNAS and SEDHUE, for trekkers as well as the nomads and their flocks. This spot remain a source of special attraction for those who intend to track though this way to the Kashmir valley. Klhad is another beautiful place near Budhal. It is a small beautiful plateau, the waters there remains cold in summer and hot in winter. Nambal is yet another beautiful place 6 kms. from Budhal and famous for its natural scenery.Though presently the district is not on the Tourist Map of the State, the district authorities have started exerting themselves to gain that status and for gaining such status efforts are afoot to create infrastructural facilities for the tourists at Chingus, Rajouri, Dera-ki-Gali, etc. The efforts of the Special Commissioner, Rajouri-Poonch, in the matter are commendable as he personally visited the higher reaches of Pir Panjal and got prepared a video film on the lakes and meadows of that area. This film is so beautiful that it was twice telecasted by Door-Darshan.

DHANIDHAR FORT

Dhanidar Fort :: In  1819  Maharaja  Ranjit   Singh  while  concurring  Kashmir captured Rajouri,   he appointed Mirza Reheem Ullah Khan as  Raja  of Rajouri in place of Raja Agar Khan.  Raja Raheem Ullah Khan remained governing Rajouri principality  upto 1846 under the control of Khalsa Darbar Lahore.  On 15th March, 1846,  Jammu and Kashmir and Ladhakh was sold by the Britishers to Raja Gulab Singh  of Jammu and Kashmir.  By this way, the Rajouri  principality  also  came   under  the  jurisdiction  of Maharaja Gulab Singh.   Since Maharaja was not having good relation with  Raja Raheem Ullah Khan  of  Rajouri, therefore, he directed him to step down.   But Raja Raheem Ullah  Khan  refused to do so.  In these  circumstances,  Maharaja Gulab Singh alongwith  his  forces reached Rajouri and dismissed  Raja  Raheem Ullah Khan and his  administration  and on 26th of October, 1846, Raja  Raheem Ullah Khan was compelled  to  leave  principality  alongwith  his  family  and reletics.  Then Maharaja  Gulab  Singh  appointed Mian Hathu the  Governor  of Rajouri.  Mian Hathu governed Rajouri from 1846-1856 AD.  In this very period, he started the construction  of  Dhannidhar  Fort.   He used  the  stones  and material in the construction  of Fort of those buildings which were  belonging to Jaral Rajas and  destroyed during the invasion of Maharaja Ranjit Singh  on Kashmir.  The Fort  was  completed  in 1855 AD.  The main  intention  for  the construction of the  Fort was to keep Dogra Forces in this safer place because from this place, the whole Valley of Rajouri could be viewed.  Apart from this during the Dogra  regime,  the revenue was collected from the farmers  in  the shape of grains and this grain was dumped in this Fort which was sold later on. This Fort has  been used by the defense  in the past.

PILGRIM PLACES
   
Shahdra Sharief :: Ziarat Shahdara Sharief is about 30 Kms in the north of Rajauri and 5 Kms from Thannamandi. The famous Ziarat is surrounded by beautiful high mountain peeks, thick belt of forests, green pastures, springs and strings.The village was in ancient time known as “Simha Dwara” in Sanskrit. Later on the name changed from Simha Dwara to “Shindhara” meaning the place of lions. In 1765 AD, when a great Sant and religious preacher Hazrat Sayeed Ghulam Shah Baadshah reached this place and started meditation, the people renamed this place after the name of great Sant as “Shahdara”.Thousands of people from all religions visit the shrine every year and offer prayers. Presently, three to four thousand people took meal from langar every day while the Kashmiri tea(saltish tea) in Samawar is served to the pilgrims all the times. Four thousand people can be accommodated in the Ziarat, while 800 people can be provided beds also. Ten thousand people can offer prayer in Jamia Masjid Shahdara Shrief. The Urs of Hazrat Ghulam Shah Baadshah is celebratd on 10th of Muharram every year. Normally, villagers bring with them atta, rice and other goods apart from cash to offer on the shrine. During 1998-99 about 13,00,000 pilgrims visited Shahdara Shrief while the cash offering received during the year was Rs.2.05 crores.

GURUDWARA CHATTI PATSHAHI BANGLA SAHIB :: Apart from a number of Gurudwaras existing in the District, Gurudwara Chhati Padshahi Rajouri is very important religious place which has been constructed in the memory of 6th Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji (1595-1646 AD) who stayed at this place in 1616 AD when he was on the way to Kashmir along with Emperor Jahangir.As per the legend, once Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji Maharaj had a dream that Mai Bhag  Wanti (popularly known as Mai Bhagpari)   in  Kashmir  had   prepared  a  Cloak   (long shirt/Cholla)  for Guru Ji and she is praying to God for  the darshan of Guru   Ji  so  that she can present it to  Guru  Ji because due to  old-age,  she was not in a position to  visit Punjab and fulfil her aspiration of presenting Cholla to Guru Ji.  Therefore, Guru Ji decided to visit Kashmir  and  take present from the devotee Mai Bhag Wanti and to preach Sikhism in the mountainous belt of Peer-Panchal and Kashmir.After 1947, a Gurudwara Committee was constituted under the president ship  of  Sardar  Thakur  Singh  and  Bhai Jagannath was  the Vice-President while late Nanak Chand  was the Secretary of the Committee.  Since there was very limited space for Diwan  purposes  where  the   Sangat   was   feeling inconvenience   during    the    congregation   because    the accommodation  was  only for 60-70 persons in the Diwan  Hall and the conditions  of the Gurudwara was also  deteriorating, therefore, it  was  felt  for   the  re-construction   of  the building.  In 1960, a memorandum was passed by the Sangat for reconstruction of Gurudwara Chhati Padshahi Rajouri and the Committee was   asked to work    for the construction and collection of funds.  In  1964, the blue print of new  Gurudwara  was prepared by a  Engineer  Sardar Tara Singh of Punjab who  was working in MES as SDO and was posted at Rajouri at that time. After the approval   of  blue  print  by  the   Sangat,    the construction  was started in 1964.  The mesons and carpenters were brought from Punjab for giving Sikh architectural touch. By this way,  the  first  phase  of  the  building  had  been completed.  The four-storey Gurudwara has accommodation of 15 rooms for yatries apart from a big Diwan Hall.  A Pathshalla comprising of 8 rooms is being constructed and a school namely "Shri Hargobind   Sahib Ji Institute of Education" has started functioning from April, 2000.   Presently, the Gurudwara Management  Committee comprise of  Sardar  Nirman  Singh  as  President,  Sardar Daljit Singh  as  Secretary and Sevadar Chattar  Singh & Bhai Ranjit Singh  apart from other members of the Committee. No  doubt  that there are only 17  Sikh  families residing in the Town and some Sikh families are habitating in the villages  like Saranoo, Bathuni, Mera, Sawni, Gurdhanbala and Sadhyal, Dehrian-Tralla, Chityari etc. but the Gurudwara Chatti Padshahi  is  having great importance for Hindus  also and number of Hindu devotees are daily visiting the Gurudwara for offering  the prayer.  The main congregation is organized on Sunday and the Birthday of Guru Hargobind Ji Maharaj   is celebrated with  great enthusiasm jointly by Sikhs and Hindus every year.

MANGLA MATA :: Mangla  Mata  Dev  Asthan  is located  near   village  Bhawani  in Nowshera Tehsil   of  District  Rajouri in a forest area.  Originally,  it  was located in Hamirpur after the name of Mangla Mai (now in Pakistan).  A dam has been constructed  by Pakistan after Mangla Mata under the name of Mangla  Dam. This remained  un-known place unto 1965.  When the construction of Mangla  Dam in Hamirpur was   started by the Pakistan and the Dev Asthan of Mangla Mai came in side the dam,  immediately  after that, a   Brahmin of Bhawani area  namely late Pandit Nihal Chand had a dream in which Mangla Mata had given him darshan and asked that  I  have  shifted  my asthan from Hamirpur to  the  forests  of Bhawani and desired for exploring.  Mangla Mai also told the exact location to the Brahmin.   After  some days, the Brahmin came to this place and found  the pindies (a shape  of  Devta made by natural stone) of Mangal Mai in the  cave. After performing  the  havans  and other rituals, he established a  asthan  of Mangla Mai at this very place and people started coming for darshan.In  those days, a shepherd who was residing near Mangla Mata said that this is all  fraud and Mangla Mata cannot shift himself from Hamirpur  to this place.  He took the pindies of Mangla Mata and tried to destroy but could not.  When the  followers came to know about it, they immediately re-installed the pindi in the  cave.  On the other hand, the shepherd who had destroyed the pindi fell from  a  tree and his back-bone was broken and lateron he died with this vary pain.
It  is  a  beautiful cave with the pindies of  Mangla  Mata. No doubt that the people are visiting every day to this place, but two important melas are also  organized   during the days of Navratras during the   months  of April and September,  every year.  It is said that the people had seen  tigers visiting the site  during night hours.  Apart from the pindies, there are  two snakes of stones  carved  in the cave.  It is said that originally, this  cave was closed but when the people started coming for darshan of Mata Ji, the cave automatically  opened.   Apart from main cave, there are two other caves  also namely Vaishnoo  Cave and Naina Mata Cave.  The pindies of Naina Mata are also installed in the cave.It is said that in 1974-75, Raja Karan Singh had a dream in which Mangla Mata gave him darshan.  He rushed from Jammu, reached at this place and offered prayer.   After  that, the asthan became popular in the area. Every month on the night  of  full  moon, the people of surrounding  area  come  for Jagrata and remain  engaged  in  bhajan  and   kirtan  for  the  whole  night. Presently, a committee  has been constituted for the management of the asthan. A Yatri Nivas has also been constructed apart from pacca path which is leading towards the asthan from the main road.  Power and water supply is available at site.  Yatries  cook  their meals in the Langar.  The asthan is located  in  a beautiful forest  area.  The scenic beauty of the area is such that this place can be developed  as religious tourism by constructing Sarais, viewing  desks, Dak Bungalows etc.  By this way, the economy of the area can also be developed apart from the encouragement of the yatries.

PEER BADESAR

Temple at Peer Badesar :: About 60 Kms. to the west of Rajouri town a small village known as Veer Vadweshavar is situated just on the border between Rajouri and the Pak Occupied Kashmir. On the top of this hill at a height of plus 5000 ft. above sea level an ancient temple after the name of Veer Vadweshavar exists. Since the temple is located in the restricted area, prior permission of the District Magistrate is required. The bus journey between Rajouri to Temple takes three hours on a light vehicle. The bus service terminates at Keri from where the restricted area starts and onwards journey is made only after getting permission from the local army authorities. The moment one reaches at the top of the hill, one feels that he has reached in some unique sacred place on this earth. The view of some of the villages of the Pak Occupied Kashmir is quite clear. The temple was got constructed by King Kaniishka in the year 142 A.D.It is said that this temple belongs to the Lord Shiva and Goddess Sati. This temple was got constructed by Kanishka in the memory of Veer Vadweshavar, the son of Lord Shiva. The legend goes that in the ancient times, the father of Sati named king Dakasha had arranged a huge congregation in which free food was served to the people after the "Havan" ceremony. In the said function king Dakasha did not invite either Shivji or Sati, but without any prior invitation  Sati came to attend the said function. Seeing her presence king Dakasha talked very ill of Shivji as well asSati. Since Sati could not tolerate this humiliation to her and to her husband in his absence, She preferred to burn herself alive in the burning "Kund". When Shivji wastold about this episode, he got so angry that he forcefully threw his "Jata" (entangled mass of hairs on his head) on the earth. As legend goes, Veer Vadweshavar took birth out of this "Jata" to avenge the humiliation done to his mother. Thus in his life time Veer Vadeshavar attacked the kingdom of Daksha and gave him a trouncing defeat. On his way back Veer Vadweshavar stayed at this place where king Kanishka, later on, constructed a temple. Henceforth people started calling this area as "Peer Badesar" instead of "Veer". The Pakistani forces not only damaged this temple in 1947 but also captured it. However, a little later in 1948 the Indian forces re-captured    this area after inflicting heavy losses to the enemy's side.It is also said that once upon a time there used to live a kind-hearted Lumberdar in a nearby village. He had only one son whose legs were too weak to move and as such remained mostly confined to bed. For the well being of his son, he used to come to seek the blessings of this Temple. One day when all the members of Lumberdar's family were out, his lonely son was lying in his cot in the open veranda, suddenly a strange animal appeared in front of his house and started jumping at the tied Cows and Buffaloes. Feeling nervous, the boy jumped inside the room and began to realize that his legs were as strong as arms. He picked up sharp-edged weapon lying behind the door and charged on the animal. In the evening when Lamberdar and other family members returned, they were astonished and glad to hear about the bravery of the boy. Overjoyed, the Lumberdar narrated the whole story to the people of surrounding areas. He tool huge quantity of padddy, Maize, cash, etc. and went to the temple to offer al,l these things to this temple with folded hands. There is prayed and said "To some you may be Devta, Guru or Saint but to me you are Great Peer". Thenceforth people started calling this area as "Peer Badesar" instead of "Veer Vadweshvar".

ZIARAT SAIN GANJI SAHIB :: Another equally important place of pilgrimage is the shrine of Sain Ganji Sahib Qadri located about 10 kms, from Rajouri town over-looking Darhal nallah, which too attracts thousands of pilgrims throughout the year especially on the eve of the annual Urs which usually takes place in the first week of October every year. The Shrine is regarded as a symbol of purity and tolerance and it is because of the sanctity of the place that a large number of people belonging to different religions visit there to seek the blessings of the Saint. Born in a Gujjar family at Fatehpur near Rajouri, the Baba was a mystic who become a legend in his life time and devoted his entire    life for the betterment of mankind. About  10 thousand devotees visited the shrine on the occasion of this year's Urs celebration on 4th and 5th of October.

DERA BABA BEERAM SHAH :: During 17th Century, the 6th Guru Ji had sent number of Saints from Punjab towards the mountainous   ranges and foothills of Peer-Panchal for spreading of Sikh-ism and teachings of Guru Ji.  One of such Saint was Baba Beeram Shah Ji Dutt of Sialkote  (Pakistan) who established his Dera at Jhangar and remained visiting Nowshera, Dharamsal   (Kalakote Tehsil), Rajouri and Poonch and NWFP areas.  The Deras of   Baba Beeram Shah are still existing in these places.  The number of followers of Baba Beeram Shah Ji Dutt is in lacs.The Dera Baba Beeram Shah Ji Dutt is located on a mound.   Apart from Gurudwara Sahib, a yatri house has also been constructed.  Recently, a road has been approved by a local MLA, which will connect the Dera Baba Beeram Shah Ji with the main road.  The followers of Baba Beeram Shah Ji are visiting the Dera every day.  The main function is organized every year on the following Sunday of Baisakhi.   Hindus and Sikhs from all over Poonch and Rajouri areas are visiting the Dera and participate in the mela. The people of the village are having blind faith on Baba Beeram Shah Ji.  They say that though the actual line of control is passing through the village and every day the enemy is shelling on the village but due to the blessing of Baba Beeram Shah Ji, people are safe and no loss of life has taken place. 

Panj Peer Shrine :: A few Kms. away from Rajouri town is another, shrine named Panch Pir. A large number of people including Army and Para Military personnel    visit the place round the year especially on Thursdays for seeking blessings and paying obeisance. Being located at the road side, the shrine is within the easy reach of every passerby. These are the graves of five saint brothers and a sister who had come here from Punjab.

BABA SAKHI SULTAN :: Even the ever busy and over crowded Rajouri town itself is not without the privilege of such divine blessings. In the heart of the town, there exists the shrine of Baba Sakhi Sultan, is the place thronged by people professing varied faiths for spiritual strength.

MONUMENTS
   
Dhanidar Fort :: Rajouri town lies on the imperial Mughal road leading to Kashmir. Here few architectural fragments of early medieval temple of Kashmir style are seen in Andarkot mohalla, which are the only relics of ancient Hindu rule.The Mughal remains scattered on either banks of the Tawi River comprise of forts cum palaces, sarais, mosques and gardens etc.  These buildings are now occupied by Civil Hospital, police and forest departments and almost stand renovated leaving only a portion of these in their Original position.    The ruins of a small mosque in the market are still extant.   The garden situated on the slope of a plateau is most interesting of all the Mughal remains in Rajouri.  It consists of a walled enclosure divided into four parts by two channels with a fountain at the centre.   A double storied baradari stands in the middle of west wall overlooking the river.  The garden wall has bastions at the corners.  The main entrance to the garden is on the south side but there also exist , two entrances in the west wall and one in the north wall. On an elevated hill northeast of the town, there is a fort, which commands a panoramic view of the valley.  It is locally known as Dani Dhar.

MURADPUR SARAI AND MOSQUE :: Muradpur ( long. 74o-19' N, Lat 33o-19' E) lies 7 Kms from Rajouri on Rajouri chingas road. Here the medieval sarai overlooking the green fields is surviving with lower portion of its enclosure wall having a bastion at the corners.   The enclosure wall measuring about 30 metres on one side is made of rubble stones in lime surkhi mortar.   It contains residential cells each measuring approx.  6.30m x 6.30m.   About 1 Km. from this building and on the bank of Tawi river lie remains of a mosque and projected cell of assembly hall. The mosque is of imposing dimension with courtyard in front raised on higher level.  It is now full of vegetation.

CHINGAS SARAI AND BAWLI :: Chingas (long. 74o-14, N, lati. 33o-15, E) is a small and scattered village situated on the right bank of Tawi River on Jammu- Rajouri highway. Mughal sarai of the village is historically renowned for containing mortal remains of Emperor Jahangir who died on his way to Kashmir.  It is a wall planned building with two apartments viz.  Residential complex and open yard. Both the apartments have separate gateways and are also connected to each other internally.   The residential complex is built within walled enclosure and contains arched cell with opening towards the courtyard.  Its gateway in the western wall comprises a central chamber with domed roof and a small guard's room on either flank.  Outside the sarai shops are seen on both flanks of wide pathway. In construction of the building random rubbles, large pebbles and lakhauri bricks are used in lime surkhi mortar.   The cell on the northern flank has fallen down. Thick vegetation growth over the structures now badly damages the original character of the sarai (plate II A) About half a Km. to the north of sarai and by the road side remains of an old baoli is seen.

KHEORA :: Village Kheora (long. 74o-18, N, latitude 33o-23, E) lies about 1.5 Kms. above Rajouri proper on Rajouri Darhal link road. Here the red wave shreds of Kushan period represented by deep bowls with razor edged rims and thin sides towering towards the bottom are found besides a portion of an enclosure wall built in stones with lime surkhi mortar.

THANNAMANDI SARAI  :: Thannamandi (long. 74 o -25, N, latitude 33 o -33, E) lays 24 Kms. north of Rajouri on ancient Mughal road. It was a major halting place before entering Kashmir Valley through Rattan Shah Pir Pass. Here Mughal rulers constructed a magnificent sarai, which is notable for its ornamental carvings. Like other edifies this sarai also comprises two enclosures viz.  a cellular quadrangle and a plain walled area popularly known as "Am Khas". The first apartment contains 36 cells on all four sides and has two rectangular dalans on higher level opposite to each other in the northern and southern walls. All the cells open to the courtyard through arched alcoves. Each dalan contains three chambers, the central being larger and has three openings. It has a wagon-vaulted ceiling. In the north east corner of the sarai lies a Hammam with three large chambers internally connected. The sarai is entered through imposing gateway consists of a large domed chamber in the middle with portions in front and behind and recessed arches at the sides. The enclosure of the sarai has octagonal bastions at the corners. The second enclosure is now in utter ruins. In the close vicinity of Rest House is noticed few baolies decorated with sculptured friezes.
             
NOWSHERA SARAI MOSQUE AND HAMMAM :: Nowshera (long.74o-18 N, lat. 33o-E) is a large town in Rajouri District. It lies 110 Kms. from Jammu on old Mughal route. Sarai of the town is more spacious and various from others in its general layout. It comprises two enclosures one within the other. The outermost enclosures have double storied bastions at the corners and are crowned by crenellated battlement. It contains a row of alcoves internally and has machicolations. An imposing gateway in the middle of western wall provides an access to the sarai. It is the only gateway in Kashmir which contains square stone pillar surmounted by bracket with bendent, a feature invariably found in the Mughal buildings of Agra and Fatehpur Sikri. The residential complex lies in southwest corner of the enclosure wall. It consists of a quadrangle of arched cells facing a common courtyard and is similar to other sarais of the same period. Above the eastern doorway of the sarai facing riverside palatial complex is seen in dilapidated condition. It was built by Emperor Akbar as an inscription on the western gateway records. Opposite to main gateway lies a Shahi Mosque, which is still under use. Office district administration and local people now occupy the sarai. In close vicinity of PWD rest house remains of a Hammam is noticed.

NADPUR SARAI  :: Nadpur Sarai about 10 Kms. from Nowshera was used as minor halting station during Mughal period. It consists of a spacious rectangular courtyard surrounded by a walled enclosure with battlement-patterned decoration at the top. It is provided with two rows of machicolations and is entered through imposing gateways on the east and west sides. The facade of the gateway has alcoves at the base and is adorned with recessed panels.

MANGALADEVI FORT :: Mangaladevi village is situated on the summit of a rocky hill about 18 Kms. from Nowshera town and close of Seri village. The hill fort lies here on east side of the locality and is one of the largest forts in Rajouri district. It is an impregnable fort difficult of access because of extreme sublimity and strong fortification. On three sides it is amazingly surrounded by a river and on the remaining side it had an arduous uphill ascent. It is built on an irregular plan with bastions at some distance. The fortification wall, survived in the most of the places is about 6 mtrs. high and is strengthened by two rows of machicolations. The main gateway connected with a flight of steep steps. Inside area of the fort is uneven and is full of vegetation. It contains a treasury building a large tank in damaged condition besides a modern temple of Mangla Mata. In the region of Maharaja Ranjit Dev, Mian Rattan Dev had conducted the siege of fort for some years and then brought it under his possessions. It is said that the Sikh Sardar Sahib Singh of Gujrat and Mohan Singh Sukarchaka invaded Khairi-Kharidi and attacked Mangla fort but without success. Finally Maharaja Ranjit Singh occupied the fort after the death of its master Raja Umar Khan.

Trekking Routes

Trekking :: Has come a long way since the days it meant a tedious journey on foot or grueling hours of travel by ox-cart. Trekking satisfies one of man's basic impulses the urge to travel forth and seek adventure. An urge that can be satisfied by young and old alike. A trekking is comparatively undemanding requiring only stamina for walking long hours and mental ability to adopt to a changing environment.Trekking truly shows the fundamental truth that man needs very little to lead a full and joyous life. Most treks traverse are uninhabited areas where modern amenities and huts not available. The trekker learns to prune his needs to the bare necessities of life and discovers that it all fits into a mere rucksack.Rajouri town is situated at the foothills of Pir Panjal Range. The snow-clad Pir Panjal Range has its own attraction. In fact it stands out more prominent than the Himalayas as it is nearer to the plains and its majestic slopes are awe-inspiring. The crest of Pir Panjal is covered with snow and there are several climbed and virgin peaks between 15290 ft. to 16000 ft. like Dhakyar-15290 ft. Kotoria-15000 ft., Budhal Pir-15170 feet., Brahma-15400 ft., Tatakuti-15557 ft. Sun set-15510 ft. Kagha Alana and Handoo Peak near Chamcchi  Sar lake calling for the mountaineer's attention.There are bewitching lakes like Simar Sar, Kotoria Sar, Dhakyar Sar, Bhag Sar, Neel Sar, Nandan Sar, Chandan Sar,and many others at an altitude of 13000 ft. to 14500 ft. and almost surrounded by towering snowy peaks. There exist more than twelve passes on the Pir Panjal Range between the Rajouri-Poonch Valleys and the Kashmir. Valley. These are Galli Medhan pass, Jamina pass, Noor Pur Galli, Chor Galli, Choti Galli, Pir Galli, Handoo Pass, Ruperi Pass, Budhal Pir Pass and Pir Panjal near Konsarnag lake (between 11500 ft. to 15000 ft.) which one can cross from one side to the other.The trails over these passes also provide great opportunities to watch and study the different tribes living in the lower valley, and on higher slopes of the Pir Panjal Range one can see the Bakerwal, Gujjar and Hindu Gaddi with their buffaloes and flocks of sheep. This whole region has remained almost untouched by out sides and offers opportunities to trek on saw and unspoilt trails of the Northern Himalayas. All the trails have certain common characteristics. The passes remain covered with snow during winter and the snow starts melting in April